What skills and knowledge do creative entrepreneurs require in the Essay

What skills and knowledge do creative entrepreneurs require in the contemporary creative economy - Essay Example lls, quite valuable in the fashion industry, seem to be self-motivation, business-management, cooperation, understanding of cultural heritage and risk-taking. These skills are analyzed below, as involved in entrepreneurial efforts made in the fashion industry. My personal experience in the fashion industry is also explained at the level that it will help me to realize my creative practitioner career development plan; indeed, after finishing my degree, I’m planning to start my own fashion magazine. My experience in the fashion industry, as analyzed below, will help me to develop this plan successfully avoiding risks and failures, as possible. The paper aims to show that the effective involvement of entrepreneurs in the fashion industry is closely related not just to their personal skills and experience but also to their ability to respond to the needs of creative entrepreneurship, which is highly developed in the fashion industry. As already noted above, the characteristics of entrepreneurship are likely to be differentiated in each industrial sector. For example, in creative industries, emphasis is given on the ‘social culture of entrepreneurship’ (Henry and De Bruin 2011, p.30). From this point of view, the success of an individual as an entrepreneur in creative industries is depended on his ability to communicate and cooperate in order to promote a particular creative project. In other words, in the context of the Creative Economy, entrepreneurship can be considered as similar to socialization. The relationship between entrepreneurship and the Creative Economy can be understood by referring to the characteristics of entrepreneurship. According to Curran and Stanworth an effective definition of entrepreneurship would be the following one: ‘entrepreneurship is the process of creating a new economic entity centred on a novel product or service’ (Curran and Stanworth 1989, p.12, cited by Araya 2010, p.104). The above definition introduces another

GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

GLOBAL POLITICAL ECONOMY - Essay Example He decided to focus on the ‘supply of money instead of keeping the interest rates low’ (Rugman 2003, p.110). In this way, the lowering and the stabilization (at low levels) of the inflation were set as the new priorities of the US monetary policy. Through the above practice, interest rates in US were increased from 11% (as in 1979) to 20% (in 1980s), a fact that led to a series implications for the US economy, as explained below. The changes in the US monetary policy as developed in 1979 have been considered as a key point in the American economy, affecting the practices developed by US monetary policy makers up today. The effects of the US monetary and fiscal policies on the country’s economy are discussed in this paper. Emphasis is given on the fact whether these policies have strengthened America’s position in the global economy or not. It is concluded that such target was achieved but not without implications. The high level of the country’s debt is an issue that should be addressed in order for the growth of the country’s economy to be real – in all its aspects. 2. U.S. ... Through the decades, the effects of U.S. financial and monetary policies on the country’s economy have been differentiated, in accordance with the local political and social conditions but also with the economic environment in the global market. In any case, the stabilization of inflation at low levels, a key target of the monetary policy makers of 1979 has been achieved. However, periodically, the use of the above policy, i.e. targeting on low inflation, has been proved to be a rather inappropriate practice in order to face the market pressures, a fact which has been highlighted in the literature. In order to understand the effects of the US financial and monetary policies since 1979 on the American economy, it would be necessary to refer to the historical development of these policies, i.e. their range of appearance. Then, their effects on the American economy could be identified and evaluated – taking into consideration the conditions in the global market. One of the key characteristics of the update of the US monetary policy of 1979 has been the following one: emphasis has been given on lowering the inflation and keeping it on low levels. A strict monetary policy was used as a tool for achieving the above target (Allen 1999, p.170). The initial effect of the above policy has been the significant increase of the ‘LDC (less developed countries) borrowing rates’ (Allen 1999, p.170). Because of the above practice, the country’s economy has been negatively affected – the recession of 1981-1982 has been unavoidable. In this context, the initial results of the economic reform of 1979 in US – referring to the increase of the priorities of the country’s monetary policy, as described above – had been negative. A similar assumption is developed in

Large Scale Tunnel And Bridge Construction Project Construction Essay

Large Scale Tunnel And Bridge Construction Project Construction Essay Temporary Works are considered any temporary construction used to construct highway, bridge and tunnel related structures but are not incorporated into the final structure. Temporary works required for construction of permanent structures include: temporary detour bridge, Work Bridge, falsework, formwork, shoring, cofferdams and temporary retaining structures. Temporary Works shall be designed according to the guide design specifications for Temporary Works unless specified otherwise herein. Where failure of a temporary structure would have an impact on environmental protection, traffic, or public safety shall be designed and constructed using the criteria. This report is to discuss the role of temporary works and equipment in large scale Tunnel and bridge construction project with an example of a large scale tunnel and bridge project, explain the impact of temporary works and equipment on the total cost of the project. The aim for this project is to Improve the knowledge and understanding on principles of designing and measurement of bridge and tunnel works in civil Engineering construction. Introduction Temporary work Holmes, R (1995) stated that On many civil engineering projects the cost and design of temporary works forms a very high proportion of the total contract. Therefore care in design and planning is essential. Each temporary structure must be considered on its merits in relation to the importance of the contract and especially the consequences of failure. If under-design could lead to failure in operating conditions, then the cost of delay, together with loss the saving in design. It is therefore important to design all structure to take the full in the erection of such structues in bad weather. Supervision in the erection, removal and maintenance of all these structures is paramount. Where materials are used more than once, for example as in the case of falsework, they should be checked to ensure that they have not been weakened by their initial uses. Second-hand materials should be subject to careful scrutiny before being used in situations where the design was based on new materials. Typical examples of temporary works are: Ground support,eg cofferdams, timbering, underpinning and shoring. Access bridges. Gantries and scaffolding Trackwork for cranes and trains Dewatering systems Specialised topics are dealt with in detail in subsequent chapters of the book. Builders Plant or equipment According to the Chudley and Greeno (2006) page 144 the builders plant ranging from small hand held power tools to larger pieces of plant such as mechanical excavators and tower cranes can be considered for use for one or more of the following reasons:- Increase production Reduction in overall construction costs. Carry out activities which cannot be carried out by the traditional manual methods in the context of economics. Eliminate heavy manual work thus reducing fatigue and as a consequence increasing productivity. Replacing labour where there is a shortage of personnel with the necessary skills. Maintain the high standards required particularly in the context of structural engineering works. Bridge and Temporary Work The bridge I choose for this topic is Juscelino Kubitschek Bridge, Brazil. Juscelino Kubitschek was built in 2000-2002, Juscelino Kubitschek is a Arch bridge suspended deck. According to Holmes, R(2006),stated that Arch Bridge can supprt better loads-carrying member, the arch is in a state of compression throughout. This will make the design suited to materials which are weak in tension. The Juscelino bridge Foundation blocks, of dimensions 24 x 40 x 4m, were cast 1.5m below the water surface for architectural effect. Steel shuttering was installed and the water extracted before the concrete was poured in shallow layers, thus avoiding excessive thermal effects and cracking. 1.2m diameter piles were driven to depths in excess of 50m. Looking back to Figure 7, you will notice that the foundations are much deeper on the right hand side than on the left. The largely poor and extremely variable ground conditions meant that piles were driven until the desired capacity was reached, often exceeding the expected depths. Horizontal thrusts are transmitted into the foundations due to the rotation of the arches out of their normal plane. To accommodate these residual forces, the pile configuration has both vertical and inclined piles. The inclined piers and arch starters were then constructed on the completed foundation blocks ready to accept the deck and prefabricated arch sections. The arch starters are comprised of a curved and tapered concrete hollow section, as shown in Figure 13. Two types of deck construction have been used for the JK Bridge: the approach spans comprises of a profiled steel under tray and concrete slab; whereas the central 720m supported by the three arches is comprised of a steel under tray and orthotropic plate.Temporary piers were erected to support the central portions of the bridge whilst the deck was constructed (Figure 14). Once the deck substructure had been completed, gigantic steel truss falsework was erected from this platform, with the temporary piers remaining in place below. A total of 1,350 tons (approx. 1,225 tonnes) of steel was used in auxiliary structures during the bridges construction. With the falsework in place, the prefabricated steel arch sectors could lifted into place and welded (Figure 15). The final closing weld was welded completed over night to limit internal strain within the arches due to daily temperature fluctuations. The stays are made of galvanised steel strands, protected by a coat of wax and sheaths of high-density polyethane (HDPE). The stay head shown Figure 16 and is fixed, whilst the upper anchor point is turntable allowing for corrections to be made to the stay tensioning. [1] The inclined cable configuration has been adopted to achieve a greater level of lateral restraint within the deck when subject to wind and transverse vehicular loading. The stays were installed in stages (Figures 17- 21) whilst the temporary supports were still in place, to avoid over stressing and damaging the arch. [8] An array of 60 load cells and sensors were installed, along with surveying targets, to monitor the stresses and deformations within the bridge structure during its construction. Many of these devices remain in place today, collecting data to produce a Dynamic Signature which is used to evaluate bridge performance over its service life, and to inform the maintenance programme. A large problem encountered during the construction process was the lack of local skilled labour and knowledge of steel construction. Brazils steel industry is relatively small, and the subsequent lack of use of the material has left the work force unskilled in steel construction techniques. The nations designers also have limited knowledge and experience of working with steel, so the structural design for the arches was outsourced to Danish consultancy COWI. Architect Alexandre Chan hopes that this iconic bridge will act to encourage a wider use of steel within designers, and ultimately stimulate the growth of Brazils steel industry. (http://people.bath.ac.uk/cmb27/proceedings/papers/banthorpe_cm_JUSCELINO_KUBITSCHEK.pdf) Gotthard Base Tunnel and temporary work 3.0 Role of Temporary Works in Tunnel Construction Project. Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) A tunnel boring machine (TBM), which is shown in Figure 3.1, is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. TBM is a one of temporary works of Tunnel Construction Project. They can bore through hard rock, sand, and almost anything in between. Tunnel diameters can range from a metre (done with micro-TBMs) to almost 16 metres to date. Tunnels of less than a metre or so in diameter are typically done using trenchless construction methods or horizontal directional drilling rather than TBMs. Tunnel boring machines are used as an alternative to drilling and blasting (DB) methods in rock and conventional hand mining in soil. A TBM has the advantages of limiting the disturbance to the surrounding ground and producing a smooth tunnel wall. This significantly reduces the cost of lining the tunnel, and makes them suitable to use in heavily urbanized areas. Another advantage includes relatively high degree of safety against flooding and ground collapse, as the TBM isolates the ground and groundwater from the tunnel proper. Contractors are becoming increasingly familiar with the use of EPB type TBMs in North American but, however, not in this range. The ability to excavate and install water tight precast concrete segments as the final tunnel lining in one pass is another advantage of this method. The major disadvantage of this method is the high initial capital expenditure for the TBM and the long lead time to manufacture, sip, assemble and test the machine, plus the normal inefficiency related to the learning curve on startup. TBMs are expensive to construct, and can be difficult to transport. However, as modern tunnels become longer, the cost of tunnel boring machines versus drill and blast is actually less. This is because tunneling with TBMs is much more efficient and results in a shorter project. Another disadvantage is the very large circular tunnel section required to accommodate the traffic lanes, shoulders and sightline, which for vehicular tunnels is not a very efficient use of space. This is also lead to buoyancy issues and the required mitigation when minimum cover under the channel is employed. Also, there is a potential for the loss of line and grade given the very tight turn radius required and steep decline followed by incline to pass under the channel. Temporary Control Room in Tunnel Project All tunneling activities were monitored and controlled 24 hours a day by the Temporary Control Room, through mimic or video view of all mobile and fixed equipment, thanks to a powerful redundant control system able to centralize all numerical/radio/phone communication, vocal and optical alarms. The safety desk (PCS) connected by direct phone to all emergency services (firemen, ambulances, hospital, etc.). Fixed Equipment Desk (GTC) is including visual permanent control of power, ventilation and pumping, connected to 8000 sensors in tunnel and served by 2 calculators, 1 programmable controller and computer networks. Rail Traffic Desk (PCT) includes vocal communication with all vehicles and optical monitoring of all tunnel activities on a large mimic served by programmable controllers. A dedicated software allowed automatic management of itineraries, location and composition of convoys, tracks and catenaries reservations, and even rolling stock status. Temporary control room is high in itial capital expenditure to manufacture, sip, assemble and test the machine, plus the normal inefficiency related to the learning curve on startup. Temporary Power Supply TBM needs a large power to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. A large temporary power supply is provided during large scale Tunnel construction project. The high-voltage power supply of the site is in 90 kV through two 90/20 kV transformers of 36 MVA each. Medium-voltage distribution included nine specialized substations, with tunnel power supply of 20 kV and 3.2 kV for lighting. An emergency diesel plant was dedicated to TBMs, ventilation, lighting and pumping systems. Temporary power supply is a high impact of cost toward the total cost of the project. Conclusion Bridge temporary work is totally different with Tunnel temporary work. The bridge temporary work is simple compare with the Tunnel temporary work. Bridge temporary work is such as falsework, formwork and temporary retaining structure. Both of bridge temporary works method is low initial capital expenditure and the short lead time to construct. For Tunnel temporary work, the high technology construction is used during tunnel construction project. TBM is the high initial capital expenditure and the long lead time to manufacture, sip, assemble and test the machine, plus the normal inefficiency related to the learning curve on startup. Large scale tunnel construction projects spend high temporary work cost for control room and power supply. At conclusion, total cost of the bridge project is lower impact compare to the tunnel project.

The Sick Role and Application in the Nursing Practice :: Nursing Essays

Introduction The processes of life were being born, growing old, having illness, and death. In our life, we suffered from different sickness. It was a good reason for the absent from school, work or other daily working activities. However, in the view of a sociologist, the people who were in the sick role, they were regarded as having committed a crime and it was treated as deviant behavior (Peter & Meredith, 1998). In the structural functional model, people took various tasks and role in society or in different institutions. These were dependable with the structures and norms of the society. Did sickness have any effective elements in society? This paper would describe the concept of sick role and the application in the nursing practice (Parson, 1979). Concept of sick role Talcott Parsons (1902 – 1979) was a famous American sociologist and a structural functionalist. He developed a general theoretical system for analyzing the society. In his theoretical system, people hold their status and perform their role in the society, which was called social role. In his concept, the social roles were expected behaviors (including rights and obligations) of everyone with a given position in society (Diligio, 2005). This kind of social role maintained the structural and functional status of the society. I used Mr. Lee as an example to illustrate about the social roles. Mr. Lee was a registered nurse. He lived with his wife and his daughter. According to the Parsons’s theoretical system, Mr. Lee has three social roles. At hospital, he took a role as a nurse. He cared his patients. At home, he took a role as husband to his wife and a role as father to his daughter. The sick role was first defined by Talcott Parsons (1951) in his seminal work which was describing a set of behaviors. These behaviors were associated with people who became acutely ill. As described by Parsons, the sick role was a process in which an individual experiences a change in role identity or role expectations. As a result, people were suffered from the illness. Base of the Parsons, there were some components in the sick role. Firstly, the illness was involuntary. Secondly, residents of the sick role were exempted from their usual work; family, civic and permits to be â€Å"take care of† by health care professionals and others.

Schoolhouse or Home School

What do George Washington and the Hanson brothers have in common? Do you give up? Well, the answer is that both of them were educated in their homes. Queen Elizabeth, Thomas Edison, and Theodore Roosevelt were also educated at home. According to the Home Education Research Institute, 1.5 million students are staying home for class today. This number is five times more than ten years ago (Kantrow and Wingert 66). This trend leads to many questions. Does home school education work? Do students receive a proper education? How does a home school student†s education compare to that of public school student? Does home schooling isolate a child socially? These questions are concerns of parents, educators, and politicians alike. The future of America rests on the academic and social education of our youth, and home school education should be considered as an effective alternative to public school education. In the past, parents mainly chose to educate their children at home because of religious preference. These parents viewed the public school system as a source of negative influence on children. Violence, sex, drugs, and peer pressure were influences these parents sought to avoid. However, today parents have other reasons for home school education, which primarily all point to a lackluster public school system. Other reasons include a desire to build a strong family closeness, safety, and a handful of parents chose home school for their children because of special needs such as disabilities or special talents. However, no matter how good the reasons, the home school education system must prove to be an acceptable alternative to public schools. There are many advantages to giving a student a home school education. First, parents can make direct decisions concerning what their children are taught. According to the Home School Statistics and Reports in 1997, written by founder and President Dr. Brian D. Ray, seventy-one percent of the parents who educate their children hand pick the curriculum from a variety of books, videos, and educational manuals. Another twenty-three percent order entire cirriculum packages (Ray 14). With the technology of today, parents have an unlimited source for information via the Internet, which can be easily integrated in home school education. The study also shows the education level of the parent supervising and administering the curriculum has little or no effect on the quality of education received by a student. Home-educated students whose parents did not have college degrees scored equally high on tests compared to students whose parents had college degrees(Ray 56). In addition to students† own parents teaching them, groups are formed among home school families. These groups allow students to be taught a variety of subjects by different parents that have a better understanding of subjects such as algebra, chemistry, and biology. These groups also take field trips, participate in sports, and do volunteer projects together. Another advantage of home schooling is the quality of education received by the student. How do home school students compare with public school students? This is a very important question to answer, but the answer can never be a concrete one. However all of the research I did shows that students educated in their homes have an equal or higher level of academic skills compared to the public school students. In the 1997 and 1998 ACT test scores, home school students averaged a score of 23; meanwhile the public school students averaged a score of 21(Farris 8). Also, on nationally standardized achievement exams home students again outscored public school students by at least thirty percentile points(Ray 7). While these numbers can†t truly reflect the comparison, an equal percentage of students from both groups seek college education(Ray 9). The government on all levels faces problems concerning the public school system. Funding for schools tops the problem list; local school boards and city governments are continuously fighting for tax proposals, meanwhile students in the schools suffer because of poor facilities and low salaries for teachers. The cost for taxpayers to send one student to a public school for one year is approximately $5325, while a home school student costs a parent $546 per year (Ray 11). Could an increase in home schools cut taxes? Could the money allotted for education now be used more effectively if there were fewer students? Maybe or maybe not, but if fewer students were in public schools, the chances of giving the public school student a better educational environment would increase. Many people who oppose home school programs claim interactions with other children at school are vital to their education. However, this argument usually does not work because parents who home school do not want to release their children into the negative influences that infect the public school system. After an interview with Beverly Decateau, a mother who taught her children at home for over seven years; I found that home school students participate in equally as many or more activities than public school students do. Her children and many others she knew of were active in church groups, Four-H groups, sports teams, and dance squads. All of these activities can be considered social interactions. I don†t believe the public school system has a responsibility to socialize students; that job belongs to parents. In a public school system, some students can be pinpointed and teased, and these images can damage children for life. Despite the several advantages of the home school system, many people still oppose home schooling. Home school students may not miss interactions with other students, but they will miss the experience. Certain experiences at school are considered an important part of the American way of life. Public school students will never forget experiencing homeroom parties, pep rallies, and finding classes on the first day of high school. Can a home school student†s experience compare? Probably not, but to what importance these experiences play in the education and socialization skills of a student depends on each individual student. Home school education can cause problems among children and parents. Children who have parents constantly looking over their shoulders may have difficulty breaking away from home to attend college or enter the workplace. Children might also have trouble respecting their own parent as an educator, and this lack of respect may have a negative effect on the student†s education. In order for home school education to work, the parents must be willing to sacrifice time and patience above and beyond the average parents. The parents must also be willing to give up their own careers for the future of their children. Furthermore, not all children can be successful home school students. The children must be able to make friends in informal settings, and see home school education as a way of exploring different avenues of learning. Not everyone can educate their children at home, but the more students who can receive a solid education at home would improve the education given to students at public schools. Fewer students would lead to smaller classrooms where higher paid teachers could give more attention to public school students. Funds and taxes could be used more effectively because there would be fewer students to accommodate. In the future we should support home school programs and public school education to interact with each other for the benefit of all students. Regardless of where the education of America†s youth takes place, it is vital that parents have a major role in the education of their children in order to build strong families and a strong America.

Dr Traci Lynn Essay

The amazing life experiences and achievements of Dr. Traci Lynn is truly remarkable. Often times referred to as a â€Å"Success Coach†, she has touched the lives and motivated thousands of people around the globe to both overcome fear and pusue their dreams. She is an award winning Entrepreneur, Internationally Renowned Motivational speaker, Author, wife, mother, Evangelist, and TV talk show host. She also built her highly esteemed jewelry business, Traci Lynn Jewelry, from the ground up. She did so with only $200, a basement, and a dream. Her unbelievable accomplishments and mark in time as a speaker is truly inspirational and moving. Dr. Lynn states her mission is â€Å"passing the MIC†: motivate, inspire, change. My goal is to motivate people to step out of their comfort zone, inspire them to greatness, and to change their lives. It’s about letting people know that they can do anything they set their mind to if they see the bigger picture. We have the power to change our own financial future and our destiny. † â€Å"I believe in chasing the dream,† Lynn says. â€Å"I don’t chase the money. And because I chase the dream and not the money, I can love freely. I love the consultants and they know that. † I feel that Dr.  Lynn’s stress on dreams and happiness, rather than wealth speaks volumes in itself. Few times in the world today do we come across an individual with such great morals and values. In addition, Traci is also a Multiple Unit Owner in the Rita’s Italian Ices franchise. She maintains three free standing units with over sixty employees in a seasonal environment. She is first hand familiar with the day to day demands – customer service, recruiting, training, managing – of a franchise as well as the long terms goals of development – branding, increasing customer base. Being such a successful businesswoman and multi-tasker sets such a positive example of a role model for the youth and world today. The development of her employees has been key to the growth of the business. She also founded a campus chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority at the University of Michigan – Dearborn. In doing so, she has set a standard and reinforcement of the importance of education. Dr. Traci Lynn is currently pursuing a second doctorate degree in marketing. She has opened for the master motivator Les Brown, and is now traveling across the country speaking to thousands of eople, motivating and empowering them to take charge of their future. Traci Lynn was the recipient of four prestigious awards, The Madam CJ Walker Award for entrepreneur excellence, University of Pennsylvania’s Carrier of Hope Award for her community service, the Spirit of Greatness Award for outstanding Leadership in business, and the Network Journal’s 2002, 25 most influential Women in Business Award. She is a workaholic, whom strives and fights for her goals in life. Her undergraduate and graduate work is in business and religion, along with a doctorate degree in theology. Traci Lynn was featured on Good Morning America for owning one of the top grossing businesses among young entrepreneurs, and she appeared in Essence Magazine for her innovative business success. She was recently featured in the January 2006 issue of Black Enterprise Magazine online. At the age of 15, Lynn opened a hair salon in a family-owned apartment and got her beauty-college certificate, all the while saving money for college. While in high school, she got her nursing license. It seems as though her upbringing did in fact have a direct impact on her future. â€Å"My mother had programmed me to be a physician,† Lynn says. If you asked me at age four what I wanted to be when I grew up, I’d tell you that I wanted to be an OB/GYN even though I had no idea what that meant. † After majoring in medicine at the University of Michigan, she returned to business, where she earned her degree in finance. After graduating, Lynn took a job as an investor information representative at mutual-fund giant The Vanguard Group Inc. , where she eventually became manager. Climbing the ladder of success definitely seemed to be the main objective for Dr. Traci Lynn, regardless of what life threw in front of her. Dr.  Lynn then launched Traci Lynn Fashion Jewelry in Philadelphia in 1989, at the age of 25. In 1994, Essence magazine named Lynn one of the most innovative entrepreneurs under 30. I personally do not know many, if any, entrepreneurs as successful as she at such a young age. Dr. Traci Lynn was also featured on Good Morning America for owning one of the top-grossing businesses among young entrepreneurs and received the Madame CJ Walker Award for entrepreneur excellence. Dr. Lynn then decided to start a new career as a public speaker, speaking to Fortune 500 companies around the world about ttitude, leadership, and motivation. â€Å"That’s still my message today,† she says. â€Å"Attitude is everything, and I had to confront my own. I realized that I was blaming other people for my jewelry company folding, when I hadn’t really followed my instincts. I had researched the direct-sales business model, and knew I should create a catalog, but I didn’t and it cost me. † Of her many signature topics, I find a few in particular to be very inspirational. Such as â€Å"Who’s Pulling Your Strings! †,in which she addresses one’s self control over their own destiny, along with the importance of maintaining a positive attitude. In Change Your Own Attitude-Change Your Life†, Dr. Lynn uses the acronym A=Attitude, T=Talk Positive, T=Think Positive, I=Innovative Ideas, T=Think Like a Leader,U=Understand Differences, D=Don’t Resist Change, Embrace It, E=Empower Yourself, – as part of a motivational session to increase companies bottom lines. In â€Å"The Mind Of a Millionaire†, Dr. Lynn brings to light ending self-sabotage, negative thinking, and procrastination, so â€Å"you can break through those mental barriers to transform even your wildest dreams into exciting new realities. Dr Traci Lynn also speaks on development of positive powerful skills, as well as handling difficult people through various communication skills in â€Å"Powerful Leadership Skills for Women. † She is consistenly serving as a positive role model and powerful force for inspiring business women around the world. I find this to be important and recognizable because I do not know of that many successful women in the world whom have accomplished nearly half of what Dr. Traci Lynn has achieved. Dr.  Tracy Lynn also seems to be fearless in her endeavors. After many years of traveling the world as a motivational speaker, Lynn decided to relaunch Traci Lynn Fashion Jewelry in 2005. However, this time she was able to overcome the hardships and trying times she had experienced in her business years before. Her motivational message became her company’s mission, and as a result, she has transformed the lives of thousands of women who have taken advantage of the company’s business training and become entrepreneurs in their own right. For nearly 20 years, Traci Lynn Fashion Jewelry has sold high-quality, affordable fashion jewelry through a wholesale network and direct sales. Currently, products are delivered through consultants to customers via home or office shows, personal shopping, and catalog orders. Dr. Traci Lynn believes jewelry creates an opportunity for women to own their own businesses, balance their lives, and achieve financial independence doing something they love. Lynn says seeing the effect the company has had on its consultants is the most rewarding part of the business. At one of the weekend sales rallies, a 10-year-old girl stood up and read a letter that she had written me about being a witness to the changes in her mother’s life,† Lynn says. â€Å"Her mother had lost her job, and working with us enabled her to continue to provide for her family. But more importantly, this little girl talked about seeing her mother smile again and get excited about something. She read this letter aloud and there was not a dry eye in the place. † Dr. Lynn has also become a published author (Wealth Without Sorrow and The Mind of A Millionaire) and earned two doctorate degrees in Divinity and Theology. She also continued to rack up awards, earning the University of Pennsylvania’s Carrier of Hope Award for her community service and The Spirit of Greatness Award for Outstanding Leadership in Business. According to the Administrative Officer of Maryland Departments of Human Resources,Cheryl Hill, â€Å"Dr. Traci’s enthusiasm and straight-forward motivation make a tremendous impact on the employees here. She is a powerful motivation force which has inspired change not only in our workplace, but has transferred to many family members of our employees. â€Å"With great humor and charm Dr.  Traci Lynn teaches how to cultivate ideas and goals and nurture them with dedication , energy, and spirit. Dr. Traci Lynn has also inspired thousands to pursue their dreams and develop excellence in their lives. She believes that people must feed their minds with motivation to reach past their comfort zones and live the lives they envision. As part of her audience, I think that you will feel the energy of her words as she encourages you to expand your dreams and focus on the future. Dr. Lynn encourages you to think in extraordinary ways and to dare take control of your life and launch it into bold new directions.

Psychology Essays

Psychology Essays Psychology Essay Psychology Essay Discussions Name: Course: Date: Chattel 1950 A sentiment structure is deeper, more widely ramifying in the personality, usually established earlier, and accompanied in its function by more emotion Chattel, 1946. It is an environmental-mold source trait because it derives from external social and physical influences. A sentiment is a pattern of learned attitudes that focuses on an important aspect of life, such as persons community, spouse, occupation, religion, or hobby. Attitudes An attitude is more transient and emotionally more superficial. It arises from the impact of a sentiment upon a particular situation Chattel, 1946. Chattel defined attitudes as our interests in our and our emotions and behaviors toward some person, object, or event. As Chattel applied the term, it does not refer exclusively to an opinion for or against something, which is a commonplace usage of the word attitude. Substantiations that within the personality some elements subsidiaries, or are subordinate to, other elements. Attitudes are subsidiary to sentiments; sentiments are subsidiary to ergs. These relationships are expressed by Chattel in what he called the dynamic lattice. Schultz and Schultz 2005 Dynamic Lattice Our motivating forces, the ergs are listed at the right. Sentiments are indicated in the circles at the center of the diagram. Note that each sentiment is subsidiary to one or more ergs. The attitudes, at the left show the persons feelings and behaviors toward an object. Chattels Approach to Personality Traits Traits -TO Chattel, traits are reaction tendencies, derived by the method Of factor analysis, that are rel atively permanent parts of the personality. Common Traits possessed in some degree by all persons. Unique traits Traits possessed by one or a few persons. Us reface traits Traits that show a correlation but do not constitute a factor because they are not determined by a single source. Source traits Stable, permanent traits that are the basic factors of personality, derived by the method of factor analysis. Source traits are classified by their origin as either constitutional traits or environmental mold traits. Constitutional Traits Source traits that depend on our physiological characteristics. Environmental- mold traits Source traits that are learned from social and environmental interactions. Source Traits: The Basic Factors of Personality After more than two decades of intensive factor-analytic research, Chattel identified 16 source traits as the basic factors of personality (Chattel, 1965). These factors are best known in the form in which they are most often used, in an objective personality test called the Sixteen Personality Factor (16 PR) Questionnaire According to trait theory, human personality is composed of a number of broad traits or dispositions. Raymond Chattel was able to use a statistical technique known as factor analysis to identify traits that are related to one another. By doing this, he was able to reduce his list to 16 key personality factors. There is a continuum of personality traits. In other words, each person contains all of these 1 6 traits to a certain degree, but they might be high in some traits and low in others. The following personality trait list describes some of the descriptive terms used for each of the 1 6 personality emissions described by Chattel. 16 Personality Factors (1 APP) HIGH SCORES LOW SCORES Stages of Personality Development Chattel proposed six stages in the development of personality covering the entire life span. Stage Age Development Infancy Birth-?engaging; toilet training formation Of ego, superego, and social attitudes Childhood- 6-14 Independence from parents and identification with peers Adolescence 14-23 Conflicts about independence, self-assertion, and sex Maturity 23-?50 Satisfaction with career, ma ridge, and family Late maturity-50-65 Personality changes in response to physical ND social circumstances Old age 65 Adjustment to loss of friends, career, and status Trait Approach STRENGTHS It supports the general image in the society that leaders are a special kind of people who can do extraordinary things. People have a need to see their leaders as gifted people, and the trait approach fulfills this need. WA second strength is that the trait approach has a long research tradition and a significant body of research data that support this approach. V The trait approach focuses only on the leader and analysis very thoroughly this component in the leadership process. The trait approach has given us mom benchmarks for what we need to look for if we want to be leaders. V Descriptive emphasis; assessment; intuitively appealing; involves a lot of research; provides a Way to evaluate attributes Elapsing why many characteristics of people do not change and it allows you to predict some behavior with fair accuracy. The approach is very scientific and has greatly influenced psychology. WEAKNESSES Lack of explanation; measurement of traits is difficult; ignores situational factors; poor reliability due to ones constant change in behavior LAP That in its purest theoretical form it doesnt permit much change and it appears stagnant.

Dramatic Monologue Talking Heads Essay Example

Dramatic Monologue Talking Heads Essay Example Dramatic Monologue Talking Heads Essay Dramatic Monologue Talking Heads Essay Essay Topic: Literature Talk In reading Alan Bennetts selection of monologues I have analysed each character used. Having studied them closely I have gained respect for each character; in dealing with their myriad of individual, and sometimes shared, problems they each have still managed to live, what is to them if no-one else, full and relatively normal lives. But I have also developed feelings of sympathy towards one character in particular. With another I have developed an overwhelming lack of compassion. Bennett describes the character in A Chip in the Sugar, a middle-aged man called Graham Whittaker, quite guardedly at first. The way that Bennett imparts information to his readers is very sporadic. In doing this he tends to deceive us a little, letting our own imaginations run wild about the truth behind the character, their real persona. This can make it difficult to trust the opinions, tone and actual basis of the monologue. Graham Whittaker is an unreliable narrator. He relates conversations had between his mother, her friend Mr Turnbull and himself with a rather self-pitying slant. He makes out that he was ignored and ridiculed by Mr Turnbull and his mother, who at the beginning of the monologue says how much Graham means to her. Graham, I think the world of you. This could also be deceiving however, due to the fact that we are not given all of the information about Graham from the start. My lack of compassion for Graham Whittaker stems from his relationship with his mother. Although, as we find out in the monologue later, Graham is obviously mentally ill, he leads us to believe that his mother is completely reliant on him for most tasks. they slipped her mind, so the rest of the operation devolved on me. Why does he do this? It is obvious as her relationship develops with Mr Turnbull that Mrs Whittaker isnt as dependent on Graham as he would like us to believe. In my opinion Bennett is suggesting that this is what Graham wants us to believe. If we accept that Mrs Whittaker needs Graham, then that gives him a purpose. He is not just a middle-aged man still living with his mother; he is someone that is needed. Without him his mother may come to some harm. It is this attitude that annoys me about Graham. Due to his fear of uselessness he is holding onto his mother and, in effect, holding her back from her life. What right does he have to do that? Throughout the sketch Bennett tells us that Graham needs a stable environment. I agree with this and can empathise with Grahams uncertainty after his mother meets Mr Turnbull, but this still does not negate the fact that Mrs Whittaker has a life too. As in all of his sketches, Bennetts structure of writing can be very misleading. We are informed of important information right at the end of the story, and told seemingly pointless material in the beginning. What is most disappointing about Graham is the appearance of happiness when he starts to find out that Mr Turnbull isnt all he says he is. Is this because he wants to feel needed/necessary to his mother? Or is it fear? Fear of going back to the hostel surrounded by people that he doesnt understand, I sometimes feel a bit out of it as Ive never had any particular problems, or is it something darker? Bennett hints at this at the end of the sketch when he writes of Grahams seeming indifference to his mothers pain. The structure of the last couple of paragraphs is a defiant tone, followed by relief from Graham. For his mother it is heartbreak followed by reluctant acceptance. All in all, a heart-wrenching finale for Mrs Whittaker without any support from her selfish, unstable son. After reading A cream cracker under the settee I felt so much sympathy for the character Doris. Bennetts telling of her plight gave me an insight into her pain and loneliness and elicited a feeling of terror. From the beginning we are given a view of Doris that is of a very proud and hardened old woman. But the clinch of the story is that Doris is alone. She has no friends, no relatives (that she mentions), she is childless and has recently been widowed. To top it all off, the Social Services are threatening to take away her home and put her into Stafford House, to all accounts a home for the elderly. Doris has recently taken a fall whilst dusting a wedding photograph of her and her husband. She wasnt supposed to dust. The way that Bennett tells us this elicits yet more sympathy from me. Imagine not being able to do something you wanted to do in your own home. Granted it was obviously with the best intentions and as it turns out it would have been best for our character but when you are slightly obsessive with regards to cleaning, like Doris When people were clean and the streets were clean and it was all clean, surely youre entitled to dust in your own home? The most terrifying and saddening part of this tale is simply that Doris decides to give up. You can see that from her point of view being dictated to like a child is not what she wants for the last years of her life. It seems to me that Bennett wants us to experience what Doris is feeling. The loss of her husband, the emptiness and loneliness that engulfs her, the constant threat of losing her home, the loss of her child (in her mind it was a child, despite what the midwife said) and the unfailing pride that ultimately is going to end her life. Bennett leads us up to the very end of the sketch letting us believe that Doris will in fact get help. He introduces a couple of possible saviours, either coming into the garden or up to the front door and finally a friendly policeman. As Doris sits by the front door, slowly giving in to the pain in her legs and, I expect, by this time further pain throughout her body from sitting on the floor for so long, I felt so much compassion for her and yet also a little happiness would she be saved? Or would she be allowed to rest with her husband? As the sketch comes to a close the policeman comes to the door and asks Doris if she is ok. Being the proud lady she is she refuses to admit that she needs help. No, Im all right. As he walks back up the path we finally see what Bennett wanted us to see. That sometimes it is okay to be alone in the dark, because to let go and drift away to that feared, unknown place, ultimately you wont be alone anymore. I feel sympathy for Doris because she was alone. When she chose to die, there was no-one there to be with her, or talk to her. All she had was memories of her husband and the life they led together. The only person who would even know she was gone would be her Social Services appointed cleaner. Its done with now.

What I Learned Traveling in Israel without a Tour Bus

What I Learned Traveling in Israel without a Tour Bus On May 1st, I did something I haven’t done in over 10 years: I got on a plane and flew to a foreign country. I had been to Israel before, but only on pre-programmed tours. Here are some snippets of what I learned as a solo traveler traveling in Israel, visiting friends and giving a presentation as an international speaker at Google Campus Tel Aviv: Day 1: Arrival When traveling in Israel, it pays to have an official European style adapter for a MacBook Pro charger. The only way I could get my charger to work was to find a diagonal plug or a power strip on the ground. Anything else would not hold the bulky charger. Day 2: Hod Hasharon Get oriented. And don’t wander out on a 103-degree day without a hat and sunglasses, without knowing in which direction to take the bus. Don’t be shy about calling your friend for help. She will be willing to take you to the bus stop and save you from sunstroke. The buses don’t come on time. Don’t expect them to. Sometimes you’ll just need to take a taxi. The taxis don’t take credit cards, but they’ll accept U.S. dollars. When attending a yoga class in Hebrew, it’s a good idea to tell the yoga instructor that you don’t speak Hebrew. She’ll be much more likely to throw in English as necessary. Sh’efa, ven’shifah = Breathe in, Breathe out Thought you could get mixed greens in Israel that don’t include arugula? Think again. The buses don’t come on time in the afternoon either. Day 3: Swimming, Shopping and Shabbat If you’re nice to the lifeguard at the outdoor pool at the moshav, he’ll let you in for free, even if you’re not a member. The Central Bus Station in Jerusalem is like a small city. Be sure to have a shekel on hand to use the restroom! â€Å"King (Melech) Halvah† has the best halvah in Israel. And they give tastes! The dates in Israel are 10x better than anything you’ll get in the States. Don’t keep walking in sandals after they have worn a cut on your foot. The bike path in Jerusalem is beautiful, bordered by lavender and rosemary, and a lovely place to walk on Friday night. Do not expect to eat Shabbat dinner before 9pm, and do not expect it to be over until midnight. Expect deep conversation. Light your own set of candles if you’re in Israel for Shabbat, even if at first you think it’s okay to bless candles lit by someone else. Day 4: Shabbat in the Old City and Ein Karem Sleeping late on Saturday is the way to go after a late Shabbat dinner. Those yoga videos you purchased on special and downloaded onto your computer? They are great for a country that shuts down on Saturdays! There are stores and restaurants open on Saturdays in Jerusalem!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The stones on the walkways in the Old City are treacherously slippery. If your shoes slip, wear bare feet. You might offend some people, but at least you will not wipe out. When you see a door you are compelled to open, open it and wander in. You might be surprised at what you find. And your friend who didn’t want to see the art exhibit might just end up having multiple people she knows in common with the artist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If you ask someone if you can pick fruit from their loquat tree, they will probably say yes. Loquats are delicious and pair well with those amazing dates. Always have cash on hand when traveling in Israel. Machines that are supposed to accept credit cards, well, sometimes don’t. Day 4: Dancing and Yad Vashem When assisting at a movement class for the elderly in Jerusalem, wear a high-cut top or some of the ladies might get offended. The men have no problem with it. Plan to spend a whole day at Yad Vashem (the Holocaust Museum) when traveling in Israel. The hours of testimonials are riveting. Four hours just isn’t enough. Don’t put money on your â€Å"Rav Kav† (transportation card) on the Jerusalem light rail if you want to use the money for a bus in Tel Aviv. Day 5: Joy Gym This is the land of the Bible. Where there is lightning, there could be hail. Be on the lookout for shelter. You can run into some interesting characters at Joy Gym in Hod Hasharon, including Eli Danker, an Israeli actor who teaches acting to Martha Graham dancers in New York, and usually plays a terrorist. You can look him up on IMDb. â€Å"Itzuvlates† with Rotem at Joy Gym is one of the best and most challenging fitness classes you’ll ever find! â€Å"Itzuv† means sculpting – so Itzuvlates is a combo sculpting and Pilates. The instructor is really encouraging too! There really is no way to get those light rail tickets converted to normal money on the Rav Kav. Try as you might. The 8-hour time difference between the US and Israel is great for freedom in the mornings; not so great for having any freedom in the evenings or for going to bed at a decent hour! If you take the bus to an address but it’s in the wrong city, you will be very late getting to your cousins’ house and probably not get to play with the baby. A 10-minute car ride can take an hour on 3 buses. Oy. Day 6: Artists and Eateries If you’re in Tel Aviv on a Tuesday, be sure to go to the Artist’s Market. You’ll find some beautiful objects there! I bought a Shabbat set that holds tealights instead of the tall white candles I grew up with, and a turquoise scarf with butterflies! Then wander over to Ouzeria, a restaurant with a Greek twist, patronized by locals – best food I had while I was in Israel! Office buildings in Tel Aviv can look like this: Bargaining is all about the facial expression. Biggest win: A chunk of halvah knocked down from 45nis (shekels) to 30nis. Score! Day 7: Google Campus Tel Aviv Office buildings in Israel can also look like this:   Ã‚   Israelis can be an enthusiastic and challenging crowd! Networking meetings can be set up on a dime. I met the next day with a recruiter who attended my presentation! The Mexican chocolate popsicles at the Sarona Mall are worth the trip. Day 8: Final Day It doesn’t take long to make friends at the gym. Eli Danker was there again! It’s possible to live in Israel without speaking a word of Hebrew. I met another client who lives there and works for the U.S. federal government and she knows one phrase: â€Å"Tax receipt†! Landver might be a chain, but they have really great food, from salads to smoothies to pasta. Yoga classes at Joy Gym are not for advanced students. Stick to EllaYoga! A gathering of 6-8 people can be created on a dime. People show up! Lovely evening at the outdoor seating at Landver. Day 9: Farewell Israel! Taxis come 15 minutes early in Hod Hasharon. Better than 15 minutes late! Your friends in Israel will want you to move there. Refrigerator magnets at the airport are a great way to spend those last shekels. Leaving Israel feels sad. Already looking forward to the next trip. L’hitraot (until we see each other again)! Category:Blog ArticleBy Brenda BernsteinMay 15, 2018 10 Comments Maitri Meyer says: May 15, 2018 at 10:22 am AWESOME Trip! Thanks so much for sharing the tips you learned along the way Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: May 15, 2018 at 11:07 am Thanks Maitri! I added one more line: Remember youre in the land of the Bible. Where theres lightning, there could be hail. Find cover! Log in to Reply Rebecca Herson says: May 15, 2018 at 12:16 pm Great post! Glad to see some of our joint activities made the cut (mmm Mexican chocolate popsicles). And yes, you should definitely move here! Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: May 15, 2018 at 12:19 pm Thanks Rebecca! Of course our joint activities made the cut they were some of the best parts of my trip. Im glad we were able to spend so much time together! Log in to Reply Hayden Fink says: May 15, 2018 at 2:13 pm Israel is an exciting place to visit. I am glad that you had a positive experience and enjoyed your time there. Thanks for sharing the pics and details from your trip! Next time try and visit Safed, one of my favorite places in Israel. Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: May 15, 2018 at 2:15 pm Thank you, Hayden! Yes Ive heard Safed is a wonderful place to spend Shabbat I will definitely go there next time! Log in to Reply Barry Shrut says: May 15, 2018 at 2:43 pm Thanks so much for sharing. Beautiful pix and you rekindled memories of our family trip to Israel about 8 years ago. We booked a private guide and had an exquisite time, visiting Tel Aviv, Haifa, Golan Heights, Beit Shean, Jerusalem and Dead Sea. Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: May 15, 2018 at 3:11 pm Youre welcome, Barry. That sounds like a beautiful trip! Next time I will try to visit more of those sites. I did go to many of them in my previous trips, but that was a long time ago! Log in to Reply Vladimir Starov says: May 16, 2018 at 11:40 am Wonderful notes from your trip! I learned new tips although I visited Israel 7-8 times in the past, the last time almost 10 years ago. Time to go back and visit Landver! Log in to Reply Brenda Bernstein says: May 16, 2018 at 11:50 am Thanks for your comment, Vladimir. Im sure you would teach me a lot more everyones experience is unique and worth sharing! Log in to Reply

Sun Shines Enterprise Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sun Shines Enterprise - Case Study Example Quality improvement can be achieved through several strategies. One of them is called Hoshin Kanri. This means translating the organizational objectives and goals into measurable actions and strategies. This involves focusing on the available resources too limited priority issues. For instance, Abby’s main concern is the maintenance of quality at the hotels. This can be achieved by using all the resources available including the employees to deliver high quality. This can be done by use of tools such as the Total Quality Management (TQM) tools (Collier & Evans 2009). Another way quality can be promoted is through â€Å"Kaizen† which is continuous improvement. The highest quality cannot be achieved in a single day. The organization should be ready to keep on improving the services and products in order to satisfy the customers’ needs. It could also be done through the use of Poka Yoke strategy (Collier & Evans 2009).

Human reasoning and Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human reasoning and Education - Essay Example Human reasoning and Education An ideal childhood can lead to an ideal person. A sound body and a sound mind have to be nourished. When all the things permit and when there are no hurdles and when life is a pleasure they can follow the set of standards set globally. As the great leaders say children are the nations future. An ideal childhood is what most of the able parents would provide to their children but what about those who crave for that. So we can say all these things are for the lucky few and most of population of poorer countries unlucky. The rich countries are lending a helping hand to poor but the funds don’t reach them instead gulped in between While learning at education institutions like schools, colleges, etc., they learn discipline and other activities. When we saw the scenario of the class pupil will do their work, one is laughing and one is fighting with his/her friend, one says I am feeling hungry, there will be muffled sounds in the class room, they think that is their dream world. They call the teacher they show what they have done in the class. And they expect that teacher should appreciate and encourage them. At this stage they want to learn new things or words from this world, in house parents talk something and the child would start imitating the same words. At this time they feel that they have achieved something, very often they will learn all these. This stage child will have enthusiasm to learn such things, their memory too sharp. Because they don’t have any jealous about others and no wealth problem they don’t worry about the others. Everything is going peacefully in their life.

HIPAA Violations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HIPAA Violations - Essay Example Nancy Lee states, â€Å"If Congress did not enact legislation, HIPAA requires the Secretary of HHS to propagate regulations on privacy protections† (Fernald 61). Fernald (2002) argues that the government or law enforcers should not levy medical professionals, who share a patient’s information for protection of their own because they may need to do so in order to promote high quality health care (Fernald 45). Additionally, a medical professional may at time be forced to share a patient’s medical records with the public in order to seek for financial support, in case the patient’s family or friend permits him or her to do so (Fernald 47). Nass and her Co-authors (2009) also support this opinion. They argue that,, in case of emergent diseases or infections, health professionals are faced with the challenge of designing a proper method of controlling the spread of the disease (Ness et. al. 81). One of the most valid means of controlling the spread of a disease’s outbreak is the sharing of patients’ information. Through this, they shall have violated the HIPAA regulations, but the government or law enforcers sho uld not levy penalties on them because such situations are urgent and need quick response. These situations provide valid grounds why the government or law enforcers should not levy medical professionals for protecting their own. Whenever a nurse is creating their facility’s HIPAA forms, they must be cautious in letting the patients know that it is their rights to revoke the permission for the disclosure of confidential medical information only to the people they name. â€Å"Without the information, the HIPAA form is considered invalid, and should the nurses release the information to third parties, such acts shall be considered violation of HIPAA regulations† (Gerard et. al. 187). Sometimes, the release of wrong information of a patient can occur

Ozone depletion causes global warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ozone depletion causes global warming - Essay Example In line with that, it would help in the discussion if the ozone layer and global warming are both defined. Ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen which is poisonous when people inhale it especially at high concentration. It is unlike the air human beings need which is made up of two atoms of oxygen. People may get sick especially the disease called asthma when ozone is formed near the surface of the earth. It is very useful once it is formed in the atmosphere because it serves as a blanket of protection from solar radiation. Ozone layer is considered as a sub-layer in the atmosphere which has an altitude of 10 to 35 kilometers. The mechanism on how the ozone is formed is by the exposure of oxygen in the atmosphere to the ultraviolet rays from the sun and as ozone is formed, the harmful UV radiation is absorbed. High concentration of ozone in the atmosphere is very much needed by the earth because the higher the concentration of zone, the less UV radiation can reach the surface of the earth. Once ozone is not able to do its job, people are then exposed to higher concentration of UV radiation that may cause sunburn, skin cancers and eye cataracts as more UV rays can penetrate the atmosphere (Shanklin 84). It is noteworthy to remember that ozone layer is a very important component of the atmosphere and the big protector of people and other organisms against the direct exposure to the harmful radiation from the sun. A more detailed explanation regarding the ozone layer would be better in explaining the importance of its existence. Further discussion is about the exact location of ozone layer and the problems it faces as it is being depleted. Ozone layer is a sub-layer of the stratosphere and located at about 15 kilometres above sea level. Even though the ozone present in the atmosphere is not as abundant as oxygen and nitrogen, it is still very important due to its ability to absorb the radiation. A study was made by Crutzen in 1970 about the nitrogen oxides pro duced from the decay of nitrous oxide through the soil microbial activities. The study showed how nitrogen oxides react quickly with ozone that allowed the concentration reduction of available ozone. The study opened the grounds on  further research regarding "global biogeo-chemical cycles" and the nitrogen oxides coming from the airplanes as they travel on the stratosphere (Lipkin 262). Harmful radiation increases as ozone layer is being reduced. The depletion may have both advantages and disadvantages to living things especially to human beings. In the past 60 years, awareness became more prevalent towards the consequences of exposure to radiation. Recent studies proved that the eye and the skin are the two of the body organs that are most prawn to damages and diseases due to UV radiation. Cataract is the usual effect of UV radiation to the eyes while skin cancer is the common result on skin (Norval et. al. 199). The other concept that must be talked about is global warming. The increase in the average surface temperature of the earth is said to be global warming. It happens because of the greenhouse effect that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide and other gases like water vapor, methane, chlorofluorocarbons and nitrous oxide in the atmosphere that cover the surface of the earth and prevents the UV radiation to escape to the outer space. The radiation increases the heat on the surface of the earth that leads to the global increase in temperature. Human activities contribute to the

Tort of law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort of law - Essay Example Section 1 of Compensation Act reaffirms the present common law, and it should be noted that it was not meant to transform the law but to only to transform the perception among the public mind. (Lunney & Oliphant2008:178). Under English common law, an action for infringement of statutory duty can be initiated if an individual has suffered damage due to a breach of a statute and can initiate an action in tort as regards to such damages. In such cases, the claimant has to establish that the defendant had failed to carry out his legal duty in this regard. Thus, there is no necessity to prove whether such breach of duty was either negligent or intentional. It is to be noted that in Couch v Steel1, it was held that whenever there is an infringement of a law provision which resulted in damage to an individual interest, a right of action can be initiated under tort. However in Groves v Lord Winborne 2 and in Atkinson v New Castle and Gateshead Waterworks Co 3 which were the leading nineteent h century cases which strikingly barred the ambit of the tort, and demanded that any individual claim for infringement of statutory obligation must first prove that the legislature had an intent that an infringement of such individual’s interest or right should be tortuous. Lord Denning MR in Ex p Island Records Ltd held that if a private right is being hindered with by a criminal act, thereby resulting in a special damage over and above the generality of the public, then, under such scenarios, such individual can approach the court as a private individual and prey that his private rights should be safeguarded. (Murphy & Street 2007: 492). In establishing the standard of care, the courts will also look into any pertinent social utility linked with the defendant’s conduct. This includes fortitude of the general public interest so that issues other than just in dispute between the defendant and the claimant may be taken into account in evaluating the standard of care nee d of the defendant. (Murphy & Street 2007: 101). However, now, the English courts are giving due importance to the social utility of would be respondent activities, which have been now given statutory force. The section 1 of the Compensation Act 2006 now provides that where a court is judging a claim of negligence, it will, in establishing the needed standard care, â€Å"have a conscience to whether there is a need to take those actions which are required to meet that standard might be a) bar a proposed activity from being perused at all, to a specific magnitude or in a specific way, or b) dissuade such individuals from perusing such activities in relation to such desirable activity.† (Murphy & Street 2007: 102). In Anns v. Merton London Borough Council4, the plaintiffs were the lessees of a group of flats owned by the defendant. The lessees subsequently discovered that the flats were constructed with inadequate foundations. In this case , the House of Lords confirmed the fin dings of the Court of Appeals that plaintiffs could initiate an action against the defendants for the cost of repairing the foundations.( Christie 2000:123). In Stovin v Wise5 , it was held that even where the administrators have entered into some type of action to prevent the third party, and if they carelessly skip some probable â€Å"

Organizational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizational Communication - Essay Example This paper therefore analyzes the findings from the paper on the tools of communication adopted by TWA to dominate the Ozark employees. The findings of the study revealed that communication processes can be effectively employed in understanding how power is created, enacted as well as maintained. It is the assertion of the study that power does not just exist but it is deliberately created, enacted and maintained through communicative efforts and behaviors by members of an organization. Though power is to a higher side determined by resource endowment by a firm, the process of communication only makes the actualization of real power from the resources. Communication in the form of domination of power comes in as the parties involved interact. Therefore, communication as a tool can be exploited for the betterment of an organization through creation of favorable working/relational environment or adversely through creating unfavorable environment. The TWA company employed dividing pract ices towards the Ozark employees in order to establish power-as-domination especially by communication as a tool for the power imbalance. The domination of power was felt from the TWA towards the Ozark and the various modes of communications were employed as the means of realizing the vice. Communication was employed in creation of power-as-domination in its complex status. The complexity of power-as-domination as created through communication meant that understanding the mergers would entail multiple perspectives of concepts. In the case under analysis, communication was employed to create power structures besides enactment as well as maintenance of power-as-domination. Power structures imply that there was disparity in the levels of association and interaction by the members of the organization. Some people enjoyed power benefits while others participated at a relatively low level. Those in higher power structures exercised authority to those operating at lower structures of power as illustrated by communication. However, concerning the TWA, power-as-domination was not invented in the process of acquiring the Ozark but rather had been previously designed by the members. The power structures created by the use of communication as a tool by the TWA enabled it to level coercion and threats towards the Ozark employees. In order to enforce compliance from the pilots of the Ozark, size disparities as well as threats were employed by the TWA. In the process, fences, branding, resistance as well as symbolic divisions were employed for the maintenance of the power structures created through communication. Surprisingly, the Ozark employees had a unique identity feature, which equally served as communication to identify them easily distinctively from the TWA employees. They used tattoos, green stitching, labels on clothing as well as Ozark pins, which in essence made the work of TWA in establishing, enacting and maintaining power towards them quite easy. In general, th e study affirmed that power-as-domination as a tool employed through communication served to create divisions among the employees. The employees from the Ozark organization received an unfair treatment from the TWA managers as they exercised the power created through communication. TWA managed to convince the Ozark into the merger deal through communication where such coercion and brutality was involved. In the like manner,

Tort of law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort of law - Essay Example Section 1 of Compensation Act reaffirms the present common law, and it should be noted that it was not meant to transform the law but to only to transform the perception among the public mind. (Lunney & Oliphant2008:178). Under English common law, an action for infringement of statutory duty can be initiated if an individual has suffered damage due to a breach of a statute and can initiate an action in tort as regards to such damages. In such cases, the claimant has to establish that the defendant had failed to carry out his legal duty in this regard. Thus, there is no necessity to prove whether such breach of duty was either negligent or intentional. It is to be noted that in Couch v Steel1, it was held that whenever there is an infringement of a law provision which resulted in damage to an individual interest, a right of action can be initiated under tort. However in Groves v Lord Winborne 2 and in Atkinson v New Castle and Gateshead Waterworks Co 3 which were the leading nineteent h century cases which strikingly barred the ambit of the tort, and demanded that any individual claim for infringement of statutory obligation must first prove that the legislature had an intent that an infringement of such individual’s interest or right should be tortuous. Lord Denning MR in Ex p Island Records Ltd held that if a private right is being hindered with by a criminal act, thereby resulting in a special damage over and above the generality of the public, then, under such scenarios, such individual can approach the court as a private individual and prey that his private rights should be safeguarded. (Murphy & Street 2007: 492). In establishing the standard of care, the courts will also look into any pertinent social utility linked with the defendant’s conduct. This includes fortitude of the general public interest so that issues other than just in dispute between the defendant and the claimant may be taken into account in evaluating the standard of care nee d of the defendant. (Murphy & Street 2007: 101). However, now, the English courts are giving due importance to the social utility of would be respondent activities, which have been now given statutory force. The section 1 of the Compensation Act 2006 now provides that where a court is judging a claim of negligence, it will, in establishing the needed standard care, â€Å"have a conscience to whether there is a need to take those actions which are required to meet that standard might be a) bar a proposed activity from being perused at all, to a specific magnitude or in a specific way, or b) dissuade such individuals from perusing such activities in relation to such desirable activity.† (Murphy & Street 2007: 102). In Anns v. Merton London Borough Council4, the plaintiffs were the lessees of a group of flats owned by the defendant. The lessees subsequently discovered that the flats were constructed with inadequate foundations. In this case , the House of Lords confirmed the fin dings of the Court of Appeals that plaintiffs could initiate an action against the defendants for the cost of repairing the foundations.( Christie 2000:123). In Stovin v Wise5 , it was held that even where the administrators have entered into some type of action to prevent the third party, and if they carelessly skip some probable â€Å"

The Merchant of Venice and Shylock Offering Essay Example for Free

The Merchant of Venice and Shylock Offering Essay Many different people can be good or bad or might seem good but actually bad or the other way around. In The merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare, shylock, the money lending Jew, is seen more like a villain then a victim. Shylock is a villain because he cares more about his money then he cares about his daughter, he is not merciful towards shylock and hewants a pound of flesh from Antonio for hi revenge. First of all shylock is a villain because he cares more about his ducats then his daughter, Jessica. Shylock cares more about his money then his daughter because when Jessica left home with Lorenzo, that she planned to elope with, shylock was really mad because his daughter left but mostly he was mad because she left with a lot of money and his jewels. This shows that shylock is a villain since he cares more of his money then his family and family should always be more important than money. Solanio is saying what he heard shylock say in the streets: My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter! Fled with a Christian! O my Christian ducats! Justice! The law! My ducats and my daughter! And jewels-two stones, two rich and precious stones, Stol`n by my daughter! Justice! Find the girl! She hath the stones upon her, and the ducats! In this quotation Solanio is saying to Salerio what he heard shylock saying in the streets of how mad he was of his daughter leaving with all his money. This quote is shylock talking to tubal about Jessica leaving â€Å"I would my daughter were dead at my foot, and/ the jewels in her ears: would she were hearsed at my foot, /and the ducats in her coffin!.(III.i.79-81). Shylock is mad that his daughter left him with his money and would want her to be dead in front of him to get his money and have all her ducats from her coffin. This shows that Shylock is a villain since he would go to the extent to wanting her dead for his ducats. Shylock is also a villain because he was not being merciful towards Antonio. When Shylock wanted his pound of flesh from Antonio shylock was not being merciful he really wanted that pound of flesh from him. Portia disguised as a lawyer even tried to tell shylock to be give mercy but he did not want too. Shylock believed more in the justice but the Christians want mercy. This quote is shylock refusing to the duke of being merciful â€Å" I have possessed your grace of what I purpose,/And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn/ To have the due and forfeit of my bond† shylock I telling to the duke that I will keep my bond and that no matter what this is his bond and he will keep it no one can convince him. Portia and Shylock are discussed about mercy: In this quotation shylock does not want to give mercy to Antonio and Portia says that you cannot receive mercy if you do not give some. As you can see Shylock is a villain since he is not merciful at all. Finally shylock is a villain because he wants a pound of flesh from Antonio since Antonio did not pay him back. The only reason the Shylock wants a pound of flesh from Antonio is for revenge and if you get a pound of flesh taken there are many changes you will die which were Shylock`s intention to get Antonio to die so he gets his revenge for spitting in his face and having to lend money to other people interest free and that made Shylock lose money. This is Shylock saying that Antonio miss treats him and he hopes to lend money from Shylock â€Å"Fair sir, you spet on me on Wednesday last;/to you spurned me such a day; another time/you called me a dog†(I.iii.126-128) here Shylock is mad at Antonio and wants revenge so makes a deal that he makes the bond interest free but if Antonio does not pay back he will need to give a pound of flesh to Shylock. This quote is Shylock offering to Antonio the money interest free but under the condition of one pound flesh if he does not repay in time â€Å"Expressed in the condition, let the forfeit/be nominated for an equal pound/Of your fair flesh to be cut off and taken†(I.iii.151-153). Shylock wanted revenge towards Antonio for what he had done so he made this bond this proves that shylock is a villain In conclusion, Shylock is a villain since he does not care about his daughter more then his money and he wants revenge on Antonio by getting a pound of flesh. Like you can see in the merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare, Shylock is seen as a horrible man. People are good or bad those this mean they were born that way or you get bad or good later on in life.

The High-Protein, Low-Carb Diet: An Analysis

The High-Protein, Low-Carb Diet: An Analysis High-Protein, Low-Carb Counterattack Carbohydrate-restrictive or ketogenic diets that are rich in animal products can help some people to lose weight because they offer some short-term improvement in glucose control. But because these diets are too rich in animal products, they incur significant risks such as cancer, heart disease, and kidney disease. They are especially dangerous for diabetics because a meat-based diet increases the risks of atherosclerosis and accelerates kidney failure in people with diabetes.   In a recent study, researchers found that every 5 percent increase in calories consumed from animal protein increases the risk of diabetes by 30 percent. But vegetable protein was not associated with the increased diabetes risk. How Much and What Type of Animal Products Are Permitted? A maximum of only one or two (two- to three-ounce) servings of animal products a week is recommended: One or two servings of fish per week; or One or two servings of fish plus one small serving of white meat fowl, totaling less than six ounces per week. Studies show that people eating more than two servings of fish per week have higher incidence of type 2 diabetes. There is no significant benefit from using fish in your diet; you can get omega-3 fats from supplements. No other animal products are recommended. Red meats are to be avoided completely. Studies show diabetics with high red meat intake have 50 percent higher incidence of heart disease, probably because higher level of the heme iron in red meat. Facts About Eggs and Diabetes Studies show that people eating five eggs a week or more have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Diabetics who eat more than one egg a day double their heart disease or death risk. Get Protein from Your Vegetables Human protein requirement studies in the 1950s showed that adults require 20 to 35 grams of protein per day. People who eat a vegetable-based diet have been found to consume 60 to 80 grams of protein a day, well above the minimum requirement. Protein Content from Selected Plant Foods FOOD GRAMS OF PROTEIN Almonds (3 ounces) 10 Collars (2 cups) 8 Banana 1.2 Broccoli (2 cups) 10 Brown Rice (1 cup) 5 Chick Peas (1 cup) 15 Corn (1 cup) 4.2 Lentils (2 cup) 18 Peas, frozen (1 cup) 9 Spinach, frozen (1 cup) 7 Kidney Beans (1 cup) 13 Soybeans (1 cup) 29 Sunflower seeds (1/2 cup) 13 Sesame seeds (1/2 cup) 12 Tofu (4 ounces) 11 Whole Wheat Bread (2 slices) 5 Green vegetables, legumes, and beans have more protein per calorie than meat does. They are also rich in miconutrients. Animal protein is low-nutrient food because it does not contain antioxidants or phytochemicals. So eating more plant protein is the key to increasing our micrnutrient intake. The Dangers of IGF-1 Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is produced by the liver in response to the pituitary-derived growth hormone. It is one of the bodys important growth promoters during fetal and childhood growth. However, in adults, higher levels of IGF-1 promote cellular replication that can accelerate the aging process and promote cancer. Elevated IGF-1 levels are associated with increased risk of all major cancers, including breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer. Lower levels of IGF-1 are associated with enhanced insulin sensitivity and enhanced life span. Protein Intake Promotes IGF-1 The composition of protein and the amount consumed also affect IGF-1 levels. Animal protein causes a larger increase in IGF-1 compared to plant protein because animal protein is more biologically complete. For people with diabetes, a relative low amount or animal protein could raise their IGF-1 level. This is the main reason why we restrict animal intakes to only six ounces per week. Plant proteins are less biologically complete. The body has to combine the amino acids for biological completenss, so they do not raise the IGF-1 level like animal proteins do. Refined Carbohydrates Promote IGF-1 Excess intake of refined carbohydrates can also have an effect on IGF-1. Insulin regulates energy metabolism and affects IGF-1 signaling by increasing the production of IGF-1 and decreasing the IGF-1-binding proteins.

Neuromodulation and Neural Plasticity :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Neuromodulation and Neural Plasticity Neuromodulatory synaptic transmission differs from classical chemical synaptic transmission in both mechanism and function. The function of a classical synapse is to convey information rapidly from the presynaptic neuron to its target cell, producing a short-term effect. The neuromodulatory synapse may do the same initially, but its primary function is to transmit information that will have long-lasting effects on the postsynaptic neuron's metabolic activity, and on its response to subsequent input. These effects are fundamental to the development and adaptation of the nervous system, and are believed to be the basis of such higher functions as learning and memory. Neurotransmitters released from a classical presynaptic neuron bind to specific receptor proteins in the postsynaptic cell membrane, causing ion channels in the membrane to open or close. If the resulting flow of ions depolarizes the membrane relative to its resting potential, the probability that an action potential will be generated increases, and the synapse is considered excitatory. If the ion flow results in a net hyperpolarization of the membrane, the probability that an action potential will be generated decreases, and the synapse is considered inhibitory. Neuromodulatory synapses can be either excitatory or inhibitory. A neurotransmitter released from the presynaptic neuron may cause the postsynaptic membrane to depolarize or to hyperpolarize by the same mechanism used in classical synapses, but the resulting postsynaptic potential will be relatively weak and slow. Whereas a neurotransmitter in a classical synapse may induce postsynaptic effects lasting from ten to one hundre d milliseconds, a neuromodulator's postsynaptic effects may persist from several hundred milliseconds to several hours. Neuromodulation of the postsynaptic neuron depends not so much on the neurotransmitter as on the receptor to which it binds, called a metabotropic receptor. Whereas classical ionotropic receptors affect postsynaptic membrane permeability directly, metabotropic receptors effect changes in the postsynaptic neuron via intracellular molecules called a second messengers. When a neurotransmitter binds to a metabotropic receptor, a protein inside the postsynaptic cell initiates a cascade of biochemical events that influence the neuron's future response to stimuli. Although the neurotransmitter, or "first messenger," becomes inactivated rapidly, the effects of the second messenger may last several days. One way in which the second messenger induces prolonged effects is by initiating the synthesis of new proteins, which remain in the cytoplasm of the postsynaptic neuron, influencing its activity. Certain proteins can affect the genome of a postsynaptic cell, permanently altering the cell's ac tivities.

The Decision That Changed Me Essay -- Personal Narratives Education Es

The Decision That Changed Me The decisions we make throughout life can have an impact on our future, directly or indirectly. When things do not always go your way, you can learn from these experiences and grow as a person. It will not be easy, but eventually with time things will improve. All the hard times really make a person cherish all the good times. Saying this, I wanted to do something a little more personal for my final paper. The environment has a certain pull on everyone's' lives whether they realize it or not. This paper expresses how the environment of Illinois College has changed my life. I am also including a poem that I composed recently after events that have occurred in my life. I am hoping that my readers will relate to and understand where I am coming from. I am especially directing to this to my peers, as well as the future generations at Illinois College. Someday As I lay here at night, thoughts swirling through my head. Is this the beginning, or the inevitable end? Clouded mind, what to do? I close my eyes and all I see is you. Thoughts racing, heart aching Dreams fading, tears trailing. Maybe someday you will see what I see, feel what I feel. Maybe you too will dream the same dream. Until that time comes I will stand tall waiting, hoping, dreaming. I will go on. College. That one word alone sent shivers down my spine senior year of high school. The fear was almost overwhelming that summer as I prepared to leave the comfort of my home, and go off to college. I had a clear picture of what I thought college would be like. The giant campus would consume me with tall, brick buildings and rude people scurrying like rodents along the endless gray sidewalks. How wo... ... Although this is my senior year, it is not the end for me. I have one more semester before student teaching. Looking back on freshman year until the present, I have so many memories of friends I have made, people I have met, classes, and all the ups and downs that come along with college life. As I sit here at my computer, I ask myself, â€Å"If I could change anything about my life, would I?† To answer this question, I will end with this: No class in the world could teach me the lessons that I have learned this far in college. Professors do not teach, How To Recover From a Broken Heart 101 or How To Drive Your Roommate Crazy. These things are learned through experience and learning from your mistakes. I truly would not change a thing because only the bad experiences make you stronger, and all the good things allow you to look forward to what is yet to come.

Bill Gates & Steven Jobs

Bill Gates & Steven Jobs The technology term today is growing rapidly in hi competitor between different companies, and between different company leaders, and in this essay I will compare two famous people in this field. These two famous persons are Bill Gats Steven Jobs . However, Gates and Stevens share some surprising similarities. Some of you may think that because Gates and Jobs work at the same field; which is technology. These two persons are similar because of three main reasons, they have the same characteristic, the same education situation, and the same failed of the job.One major similarity of these two persons is the special characteristics that they have. For example, both Steven Jobs and Bill Gates are intelligent innovative thinkers who have always new things to show and give to the world, and also both of them are known as the best-known entrepreneur of the personal computer revolution in the modern age. Moreover, Bill Gates has this energetic spirit which spread to cover all the people who are surrounding him, and also Steven Job had this special thing which admires the others and encourages them. Therefore, because of these special qualities that they both have they become famous and popular.Another similarity between Gates and Steven is the situation that they both had in their education. They both had been dropped from the college and then they complete studying by their self. Actually, Bill Gates had been dropped from Harvard University because he had some problems in studying in the sophomore year. On the other hand, Steven Jobs had been dropped from Reed University because he had some problems in covering the tuition fees. Moreover, Steven Jobs and Bill Gates have big similarity because of the same field that the both work in which is technology.To illustrate, Steven Jobs worked at Apple, and he is the best known as co- founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. In contrast, Bill Gates is the best known chairman of Microsoft company , and everybody know well that these two companies are the greatest in technology From the information given, we can say that these two persons are the largest contributors of the modern technology revolution. Also, we can infer that there a lot of similarities between them which represented in characteristic, education, and the field of job. Therefore, these people perpetuate their names for their big achievements that they did.

Environmental Analysis Essay

As a way of promoting Skoal, the company utilizes print advertisements in magazines whose readers are 85% adults. Aside from this, the company also uses one-on-one events as a way to let the clients know more about Skoal and try out its products. Skoal’s promotions includes reach-out advertising, and it includes a very, very successful direct mail program that we have been running to adult smokers. In 2006, the company mailed to about 2.5 million adult smokers with a series of coupons and product information about Skoal and its products and have been very, very successful in converting about 5% of the people that we mailed to, to actual ongoing usage of moist smokeless tobacco products. (UST 2006 Analyst and Investor Conference) In addition, the company also has its own company website (http://www. ustinc. com/) and product website (http://www. skoalbrotherhood. com) that can be used as a tool for customers to access information about the product and the company 24/7. The product’s unique selling point is that it is the only smokeless tobacco that offers several flavors, cuts and pouches. In its advertisements, Skoal sports the tagline â€Å"A pinch better. † Skoal wanted to position to itself in its main target market’s mind as â€Å"the preferred way to experience tobacco satisfaction† – a vision that positions the company not as a smokeless tobacco company, but as a tobacco company whose consumer universe is all tobacco consumers. (UST 2006 Analyst and Investor Conference) Pricing The company utilizes the prestige pricing strategy and this is congruent with the image the brand is trying to project. Since Skoal is the only smokeless tobacco that offers a variety of flavors, cuts and pouches, it is only right for them to charge a price premium to maximize their profits. Over its course of business, Skoal has undergone through several price changes. However, for the entire year of 2006, the company has not yet raised it prices. Murray Kessler, manager of Skoal said â€Å"Prices per can depends on how much we spend on the promotional front and it depends on what we do with the competitors. † (UST 2006 Analyst and Investor Conference) So far though, the company does not see the need to raise prices. Comparing Skoal to other brands, it charges much higher prices as compared to competitors like Couper, Cougar, Gold River, and Grizzly but there are a few brands like Hawken and Kodiac whose prices are higher than Skoal. Sister brand Copenhagen charges the same price as Skoal. Distribution Skoal products can be purchased in several websites online and also several retailers. The company uses extensive distribution channels and which became an edge for Skoal. UST’s long-established brands distributes through tens of thousands of small retail outlets, and the unwillingness of major tobacco companies to enter this market (due to the poor image and social unacceptability of the product) have made UST’s market position unassailable. (Industry Analysis 7) The company does not operate any retailing stores but instead relies on third party retailers to get their products to their target markets. So far, Skoal products can be found in the United States and some parts of Canada but the management is eyeing Eastern Europe as an opportunity to expand Skoal internationally. Conclusion Skoal has been successful in implementing its strategy. Currently, Skoal belongs to the top of mind awareness of its target market when it comes to smokeless tobacco with it capturing 78% of the market together with its sister brands. In order to maintain this position, further significant investments in advertisements, branding, and promotions must be undertaken.